Publications on Hydrostatic/Hydrodynamic
Bearings
APPLICATION: Process fluid lubrication, cryogenic liquid
turbopumps
High Speed / High Pressure, Turbulent Flow Hydrostatic / Hydrodynamics Bearings
Sponsors: NASA MSFC (1998-2002),
NASA Glenn RC (1993-1996), Pratt & Whitney (1992-93), Rockedyne
(1990-1992), Northrop Grumman (2005-2008)
Thrust Hybrid
Bearings Radial
Hybrid Bearings – including angled injection
Technical reports to
TRC and NASA Student
Theses
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San
Andrés, L., Wilkinson, S., and Yang, J., 2021, “On the
Experimental Static and Dynamic Load Performance of a Water Lubricated Hybrid
Thrust Bearing,” Asia Turbomachinery & Pump Symposium – Virtual Event
(February 23-25) https://atps.tamu.edu San
Andrés, L., Rohmer, M., and Wilkinson, S., 2018, “Static Load Performance
of a Water Lubricated Hydrostatic Thrust Bearing,” ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines
Power, Vol. 140(6), 062401(10). DOI: 10.1115/1.4038472 (ASME GT2017-63385) San
Andrés, L., Phillips, S., and Childs, D., 2017, “A Water Lubricated Hybrid
Thrust Bearing: Measurements and Predictions of Static Load Performance,”
ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, 139(2). DOI: 10.1115/1.4034042 (ASME GT2016-56349) San Andrés, L.,
Phillips, S., and Childs, D., 2008,
“Static Load Performance of a Hybrid Thrust Bearing: Measurement and
Validation of Predictive Tool,” 6th Modeling and Simulation Subcommittee / 4th Liquid
Propulsion Subcommittee / 3rd Spacecraft Propulsion Subcommittee Joint
Meeting. December 8-12, San Andrés, L., 2002, “Force and Moment Coefficients for Misaligned Hybrid
Thrust Bearings,” ASME Journal of Tribology, Vol. 124 (1), pp. 212-219 (ASME
Paper 2001-TRIB-119). San Andrés, L., 2000, “Bulk-Flow Analysis of Hybrid Thrust Bearings for
Process Fluid Applications,” ASME Journal of Tribology, Vol. 122, 1, pp.
170-180(ASME Paper 99-TRIB-20). San Andrés, L., 2007, “Start- up Response of Fluid Film Lubricated
Cryogenic Turbo- Pumps,” 43rd
AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit, Cincinnati, OH,
July 9-11, Paper AIAA-2007-5093. Soulas, T., and L. San Andrés, 2003, “Performance of Damaged Hydrostatic Bearings:
Predictions vs. Experiments,” ASME Journal of Tribology, Vol. 125, 2, pp.
451-457 (ASME Paper 2002-TRIB-17). San Andrés, L., T. Soulas,
and P. Fayolle, 2007, “A Bulk Flow Model of Angled Injection Lomakin
Bearing” ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 129, pp.
195-204. (ASME Paper 2002-GT-30287). San Andrés, L., 2001, “A Hybrid Bearing with Improved Rotordynamic
Stability,” 1st International Conference in Rotordynamics of
Machinery, ISCORMA1, Paper
2006, August 2001 (CD only). |
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San Andrés, L., and D. Childs, 1997, "Angled
Injection - Hydrostatic Bearings, Analysis and Comparison to Test
Results," ASME Journal of Tribology, Vol. 119, 1, pp. 179-187, (ASME
Paper 96-TRIB-10). |
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San Andrés, L., 1997,
"Transient Response of Externally Pressurized Fluid Film Bearings,"
STLE Tribology Transactions, Vol. 40, 1, pp. 147-155, (STLE Paper
96-TC-3A-1). |
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San Andrés, L., Yang, Z., and D. Childs, 1996, "Thermal
Effects in Liquid Oxygen Hybrid Bearings," STLE Tribology Transactions,
Vol. 39, 3, pp. 654-662, (STLE Paper 95-TC-3A-1). |
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San Andrés, L., 1996,
"Turbulent Flow, Flexure-Pivot Hybrid Bearings for Cryogenic
Applications," ASME Journal of Tribology, Vol. 118, 1, pp. 190-200,
(ASME Paper 95-TRIB-14). San Andrés, L., and D. Childs, 1996, "Angled
Injection, Turbulent Flow Hybrid Bearings, Comparison to Test Results,"
Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Instability Problems in Rotating
Machinery, |
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San Andrés, L., Yang, Z., and D. Childs, 1995,
"Turbulent Flow Hydrostatic Bearings: Analysis and Experimental
Results," International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 37, 8, pp.
815-829. |
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Yang, Z., L. San Andrés and D. Childs, 1995,
"Thermohydrodynamic Analysis of Process Liquid Hydrostatic Bearings in
Turbulent Regime, Part I: The Model and Perturbation Analysis," ASME
Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 62, 3, pp. 674-679 |
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Yang, Z., L. San Andrés and D. Childs, 1995,
"Thermohydrodynamic Analysis of Process Liquid Hydrostatic Bearings in
Turbulent Regime, Part II: Numerical Solution and Results," ASME Journal
of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 62, 3, pp. 680-684. |
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San Andrés, L., 1995,
"Thermohydrodynamic Analysis of Fluid Film Bearings for Cryogenic
Applications," AIAA Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 11, 5, pp.
964-972. |
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Hill, D., E. Baskharone,
and L. San Andrés, 1995, "Inertia Effects in a Hybrid Bearing with a 45 degree
Entrance Region," ASME Journal of Tribology, Vol. 117, 3, pp. 498-505. |
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San Andrés, L., 1995,
"Turbulent Flow Foil Bearings for Cryogenic Applications," ASME
Paper 94-TRIB-33, ASME Journal of Tribology, Vol. 117, 1, pp. 185-195. |
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Franchek, N., D. Childs, and
L. San Andrés, 1995, "Theoretical and Experimental Comparisons for
Rotordynamic Coefficients of a High-Speed, High-Pressure, Orifice-Compensated
Hybrid Bearings," ASME Journal of Tribology, Vol. 117, 2, pp. 285-290
(ASME Paper 94-TRIB-43) |
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San Andrés, L., 1994, "Dynamic
Force Response of Spherical Hydrostatic Journal Bearings for Cryogenic
Applications", STLE Tribology Transactions, Vol. 37, 3, pp. 463-470. |
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Yang, Z., L. San Andrés, and D. Childs, 1994, "Process
Liquid Turbulent Flow Hydrostatic Bearings: Analysis and Tests for
Rotordynamic Coefficients Center ," Proc. of
the 4th International IFToMM
Rotordynamics Conference, Chicago, September, pp. 233-242. |
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San Andrés, L., and Yang, Z., 1994,
"Thermohydrodynamic Analysis of Fluid Film Bearings for Cryogenic
Applications," Proceedings of the 6th NASA Conference on Advanced
Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Technology, Huntsville, Alabama, May, NASA CP 3282,
Vol. II, pp. 421-430. |
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San Andrés, L., 1994, "Analysis
of Arbitrary Recess Geometry Hydrostatic Bearings," Proc. of the 6th
NASA Conference on Advanced Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Technology, |
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San Andrés, L., 1993,
"Operation of Turbulent Hydrostatic Bearing under Misaligned Journal
Conditions," ASME Journal of Tribology, Vol. 115, 3, pp. 355-363. |
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Kurtin, K., Childs, D., San
Andrés, L. and Hale, K., 1993, "Experimental versus Theoretical Characteristics of a
High Speed Hybrid (combination Hydrostatic and Hydrodynamic) Bearing,"
ASME Journal of Tribology, Vol. 115, 1, pp. 160-169. |
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San Andrés, L., 1992, "Analysis
of Turbulent Hydrostatic Bearings with a Barotropic Fluid," ASME Journal
of Tribology, Vol. 114, 4,pp. 755-765. |
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San Andrés, L., 1992, "Analysis
of Hydrostatic Journal Bearings with End Seals," ASME Journal of
Tribology, Vol. 114, 4, pp. 802-811. |
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San Andrés, L., and Velthuis, J.M., 1992, "Laminar
Flow in a Recess of a Hydrostatic Bearing," STLE Tribology Transactions,
Vol. 35, 4, pp. 738-744. |
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San Andrés, L. and Scharrer,
J., 1992, "The axisymmetrically
Stepped, Orifice Compensated Hydrostatic Bearing", AIAA Paper 92-3405,
28th AIAA/SAE/ASME/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Nashville, Tennessee,
July 6-8. |
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San Andrés, L., Yang, Z. and Childs, D., 1992,
"Thermohydrodynamic Analysis of Cryogenic Liquid Annular Seals,"
5th NASA Conference on Advanced Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Technology, |
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San Andrés, L., 1991, "Effect
of Eccentricity on the Force Response of a Hybrid Bearing," STLE
Tribology Transactions, Vol. 34, 4, pp. 537- 544. |
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San Andrés, L., "Fluid
Compressibility Effects on the Dynamic Response of Hydrostatic Journal
Bearings," WEAR, Vol. 146, pp. 269-283, 1991. |
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San Andrés, L., "Turbulent
Hybrid Bearings with Fluid Inertia Effects", ASME Journal of Tribology,
Vol. 112, pp. 699-707, 1990. |
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San Andrés, L., "Approximate
Analysis of Turbulent Hybrid Bearings. Static and Dynamic Performance for
Centered Operation," ASME Journal of Tribology, Vol. 112, pp. 692-698,
1990. |
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San Andrés, L., 1990, "Improved
Analysis of High Speed, Turbulent Hybrid Bearings," 4th NASA Conference
on Advanced Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Technology, Huntsville, Alabama, May,
NASA CP 3092, Vol. II, pp. 414-431. |
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Technical Research Progress
Reports to TRC, NASA, and Contractors |
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San Andrés, L.,
Wilkinson, S., and Haq, S., 2017, “Measurement
of a Rotor (Dynamic) Axial Response in a Test Rig
with Water Lubricated Hydrostatic Thrust Bearings,” TRC-B&C-04-17
(draft) San Andrés, L., Rohmer, M., Wilkinson, S., and Jani, H., 2016, “Measurement of Static Load Performance of a Water Lubricated Thrust Bearing,” TRC-B&C-03-16 Rohmer,
M., Wilkinson, S., and San Andrés, L., 2015, “Revamping and
Preliminary Operation of a Thrust Bearing Test Rig,” TRC-B&C-02-15 Rohmer, M. and San
Andrés, L., 2014, “A Destructive
Failure Incident and Revamping of the Thrust Bearing Test Rig,” San Andrés, L., 2005-08, Proprietary Research Progress Reports to Northrop Grumman, USAF USET program. San Andrés, L., 2001, “Force and Moment Coefficients for Misaligned Hybrid Thrust
Bearings,” Final Progress Report to NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Nasa
Grant. San Andrés, L., 1998, "Bulk Flow Analysis of Hybrid Thrust Bearings for
Advanced Cryogenic Turbopumps", FINAL Technical Report to |
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San Andrés, L., 1996, "Thermohydrodynamic Analysis of Cryogenic Liquid
Turbulent Flow Fluid Film Bearings", FINAL Technical Report to |
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San Andrés, L., 1995, "Angled Injection - Hybrid Fluid Film Bearings for
Cryogenic Applications, Phase III" Technical Report to |
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San Andrés, L., 1994, "Thermohydrodynamic Analysis of Cryogenic Liquid,
Turbulent Flow Fluid Film Bearings, Phase II" Technical Report to NASA
Lewis Research, NASA
Grant NAG3-1434, December. |
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San Andrés, L., 1993, "Thermohydrodynamic Analysis of Cryogenic Liquid,
Turbulent Flow Fluid Film Bearings," Technical Report to |
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San Andrés, L., and Z. Yang, 1992, "Thermohydrodynamic Analysis of Turbulent Flow
Hydrostatic Bearings," Technical Report to Pratt and Whitney, December. |
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San Andrés, L., 1992, "Analysis of Turbulent Bulk Flow Hydrostatic Pad
Bearings with a Barotropic Liquid," TAMU Research Foundation, Technical
Report to Rockwell International, October. |
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San Andrés, L., 1990, "Analysis of Hydrostatic Bearings for Cryogenic
Applications - Variable Properties Solution," TAMU Research Foundation,
Technical Report to Rockwell International, October. |
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San Andrés, L., 1989, "Analysis of Turbulent Hybrid Bearings with Fluid
Inertia Effects," TAMU Research Foundation, Technical Report to Rockwell
International, October. |
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Ph.D. Theses |
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Grigory Arauz, "Analysis
of Two-Phase Flow in Damper Seals for Cryogenic Turbomachinery,"
December 1996. Joe Yang, "Thermohydrodynamic
Analysis of Product Lubricated Hydrostatic Bearings in Turbulent Flow
Regime," December 1992. |